The math says.

PMI runs $50-$400/month. Break-even, FHA-vs-conventional logic, and the free-cancellation path most servicers won't volunteer.

Refinancing to a 15-year mortgage can save $150-$250k in interest. The catch: the higher payment is real. Affordability check + verdict.

Escape lifetime FHA MIP. Break-even + the 20% equity threshold + the cases where it doesn't pay yet.

Monthly savings during the fixed period, what happens if the ARM adjusts to its cap, verdict based on how long you plan to stay.

When does the refinance pay off? Break-even, lifetime interest delta, verdict.

Real savings (years off the loan). Plus the simpler alternative that captures the same result with more flexibility, and why you should never pay for a bi-weekly program.

Right answer depends entirely on how long you'll carry the debt, and whether your current first-mortgage rate is below today's market.

The third option most lenders won't volunteer. Fixed rate, low closing costs, doesn't disturb your existing first mortgage.

After-tax comparison most calculators skip. The answer flips for households that don't itemize, which is most of them post-2017.

Should you raise your deductible to drop your premium? Break-even based on your actual claim frequency + savings cushion check.

3-year lease vs 3-year purchase always favors the lease. The real comparison is over 8-12 years of leasing-forever vs buying-and-holding.

Real savings + the underwater trap most refi calculators don't flag.